S Zorbtechnology is the main technology for upgrading the ultra-low sulfur quality of gasoline in China and the processed catalytic gasoline by this technology exceeds 50% of the total output of FCC gasoline. With the increase of the unit's operating time, the abrasion problem of the grid plate of the S Zorb desulfurization reactor has become agrowing concern. It has become imperative to study and analyze the grid plate abrasion. In this paper, numerical simulation is adopted to analyze the flow field of the grid plate. By improving the structure of the existing distribution component structure and the structural form of the channel plate, the abrasion risk due to gasket seal failure is reduced.The analysis results provide a basis and solution for future design and on-site handling of such problems, which is crucial to ensure the long-term operation of the device.

Liquid distributor is the key component of falling film evaporator. In view of the shortcomings of the current liquid distributor, a new type swirling liquid distributor was developed. This liquid distributor is tangential slot structure; one side of the slot is tangent to the inner wall; the other side extends a certain length to form a diversion structure with the inner wall and the lower end is connected with the heat exchange tube through threads. The film forming performance of the new type swirling liquid distributor and tangential slot liquid distributor was systematically compared in the plexiglass experimental device. The experimental results show that with reasonable control of flow rate, both kinds of liquid distributor can continuously and stably form film without "dry tube" phenomenon; the minimum wetting rate of the new type swirling liquid distributor is smaller and the film-forming flow range is wider, which indicates that the operation elasticity of the new type liquid distributor is greater; at the same flow rate, the liquid film is thicker and the flow rate is slower in the new type liquid distributor than those of tangential slot liquid distributor. Therefore, the liquid film stability of the new type liquid distributor is better; the liquid film stays longer in the heat exchange tube and the heat transfer effect is better.

Jet loop reactor is a new type of gas-liquid or gas-liquid-solid contact reactor, in which the ejector structure has an important effect on the reactor performance. In this paper, the mathematical model of Venturi ejector is established by computational fluid dynamics method and the influence rules of inspiratory chamber, throat and diffusion section on inspiratory capacity is analyzed. The simulation results show that the suction chamber diameter and the gas inlet have little influence on the suction volume; the smaller distance between the nozzle and the throat and the shorter throat length may result in higher suction volume; and the maximum suction volume exists when the diffusion angle of diffusion section is between 2° and 4°.

In oil conversion structure adjustment, refining companies can get more raw materials for light hydrocarbon processing by producing more catalytic liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). LPG desulfurization device is an important unit for light hydrocarbon processing and LPG desulfurization reaction separator is its key equipment. In recent years, with the development of large-scale unit, the design and development of LPG desulfurization reaction separator has become the focus of engineering design. This paper introduces the development and process characteristics of desulfurization reaction separator and proposesdeveloping micro-mixed reaction separator through process enhancement technology to reduce device volume. Meanwhile, it adopts the coupling technology of jet mixture-enhanced mass transfer and milk-breaking coalescence and modular design. Through the integration of desulfurization reaction, mass transfer and separation process, the desulfurization reaction separator has significant advantages in equipment volume and installation layout, which can adapt to the needs of large-scale device development. The paper compares and analyzes the design scheme of the three types of LPG desulfurization reaction separators. Through comprehensive comparison, the micro-mixed reaction separator occupies less space and has less equipment weight, which can meet the requirements of the expansion and revamp of the unit.

In order to explore the effect of helix angle on the heat transfer performance of sextant helical baffle heat exchanger, numerical simulation is adopted to study the heat transfer performance of sextant helical baffle heat exchanger under different flow rates with liquid water as the working medium, and to analyze the effect of helix angle change on the heat transfer coefficient and the comprehensive performance of heat transfer.The results show that with the increase of the helix angle, the surface heat flux along the axial direction of the heat exchanger tube decreases, and the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop at the shell side also decrease; the comprehensive heat transfer performance indexes hs/Δp and hs/Δp^1/3 increase with the increase of helix angle, while under the condition of helix angle b= 25°, hs/Δp and hs/Δp^1/3 decreases significantly. Therefore, a larger helix angle can achieve better heat transfer performance. The research results can provide reference for the engineering application of the sextant helical baffleheat exchanger.

With the rapid development of technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing, China's refining industry is accelerating its transformation towards digitalization and intelligence. Traditional equipment management models are gradually unable to meet the needs of current refining enterprise development. This paper summarizes the research progress in the full lifecycle management of equipment at home and abroad. Based on the characteristics of the refining industry, the equipment lifecycle is divided into four stages: congenital, early, mid-term, and late stages. The management focus of each stage is analyzed, and an intelligent management plan for the full lifecycle of equipment is proposed. This provides new ideas for promoting intelligent management of the full lifecycle of equipment.

In order to determine the corrosion reasons of the composite plate (Q345R+316L) pressure vessel and formulate countermeasures, macro-morphological analysis and physical and chemical inspectionwere carried out for the corroded parts of the composite plate. The corrosion resistance and passivation ability of the composite plate laminated stainless steel in chloride environment were verified by cyclic polarization method and constant-potential method. The results indicate that the composite plate has obvious tendency to pitting in chloride environment, and cannot be re-passivated. The composite plate cannot meet the service conditions under current environment and it is necessary to take some measures to control the occurrence of chloride ion corrosion in pressure vessels.

Three years after the commissioning of a liquid ammonia storage tank in an ice-making enterprise, one crack was found in the straight edge section of the head in the gas-phase space during the first periodic inspection, resulting in ammonia leakage. Through phased array inspection, it was found that there were many transverse cracks in the straight edge of the head on both sides of the head. The defects originated from the heat affected zone of the weld and were basically perpendicular to the surface of the base metal. Through metallographic examination, it was found that there were two kinds of microscopic morphology coveringintergranular and transgranularin the cracks. Through hardness measurement, it was found that the hardness value was higher near the heat affected zone; in addition, no serious thinning was found during thickness measurement. Based on the comprehensive inspection results and the working conditions of the liquid ammonia storage tank, it was determined that the multiple defects of the straight side section of the head of the liquid ammonia storage tank were caused by the ammonia stress corrosion cracking of the inner wall under the combined action of the liquid ammonia corrosion environment and residual stress and the expansion to the outer wall. Aiming at the causes of ammonia stress corrosion cracking, some preventive measures were put forward and some suggestions were put forward for the regular inspection of such equipment.

This paper presented the handling and analysis of unexpected acoustic emission signals during the acoustic emission testing of a weld-shrunk multilayered high-pressure vessel in service. The testing was conducted using a two-stage pressurization cycle concurrent with the pressure resistance test. During the second stage of pressure retaining, a substantial amount of acoustic emission signals suddenly appeared at two positions on the container. In order to discern the nature of these abrupt signals, the inspection team introduced an additional decompression-pressure boosting pressure retaining phase following the second stage of pressure retaining. By conducting a comprehensive assessment including the characteristic parameters of the monitored acoustic emission signals, source region localization, as well as factors associated with the container's structural attributes, stress-strain behavior during the pressurization process, and inter-layer interactions, it was ultimately concluded that the two instances of sudden signals were caused by insufficient deformation in certain areas during the first pressurization stage, which led to friction between the layers as they underwent coordinated deformation towards uniformity during the subsequent maintenance pressure phase.The conclusion may provide reference for the occurrence of similar phenomena during acoustic emission inspection.

Focusing on the digital control technology of welding workshops and combining with the application characteristics of industrial Internet of Things, data sensing, information control, process expert database and other technologies in the welding field, this paper summarized and analyzed the research status of intelligent design of welding processes, welding task dispatch and process control, welding process sensing collection and quality evaluation, welding workshop information control, non-destructive testing digitization and other technologies at home and abroad. It explored the research progress and shortcomings of digital control technology in welding workshops and proposed the main direction for future development of digital control technology in welding workshops.

Theexisting technical challenges of high steam consumption, low drying efficiency, and uneven heat transfer in the operation of rake dryers, as well as large material loss caused by the residual filter residue layer inside the cylinder make it difficult to meet safety, environmental protection, and GMP requirements. Aiming at these technical difficulties, an efficient and energy-saving rake dryer was designed, and a lightweight internal and external cylinder and blade composite heating stirring shaft structure was independently proposedafter literature review and extensive experimental research.The central rotating shaft, connecting shaft, and stirring blade were all hollow in design with a clearance of 3-5 mm between the scraping part of the blade and the cylinder wall. The required stirring power has been significantly reduced;the heat exchange area is large and the heat transfer efficiency is high, achieving the goals of no residual materials, reducing production costs and ensuring complete isolation of people and materials. This can meet the GMP requirements of the pharmaceutical industry. The actual experimental research results show that the drying reduction ratio reaches 19.9%; the steam unit consumption is 32.8% and the energy consumption is significantly reduced. It indicates that this method and equipment are of high value for promotion and application.

Tube furnace is one of the key equipment in petrochemical plants and the flow medium inside the tube is mostly flammable and explosive hydrocarbon fluids. The furnace tubes withstand high temperature, high pressure and corrosion, so the selection of materialis usually of higher grade with a relatively large investment proportion. Therefore, how to improve the utilization rate of furnace tubes and achieve more economical and efficient design has always been a key direction in furnace design. Adopting case comparative analysis method, this paper explores the optimization design of convection section structure of tube furnace. It verifies the effectiveness of improving the utilization rate of convection coils and provides specific improvement design plans for the convection section. This provides reference for reducing the investment in tube furnace and improving industrial furnace design.

This paper focuses on studying the effects of hydrogen blend fraction in methane on combustion and NOx emission in tube furnace. Based on a tube furnace, circular burners were tested on furnace #1 and wall-mounted burners were tested on furnace #3. Using Fluent and coupling the FGM combustion model with the detailed reaction mechanism of GRI-Mech 3.0 and the measured temperature of flue gas in hot state, the effects of hydrogen blend fraction in methane on combustion and NOx emission in the tube furnace were numerically calculated. The range of hydrogen blend fraction in methane was controlled between 0% and 60% (hydrogen by volume). The results showed that: 1) as the hydrogen blend fraction increased, NOx emissions increased from 75 mg/Nm³ to 100 mg/Nm³ for furnace #1 and decreased from 63 mg/Nm³ to 50 mg/Nm³ for furnace #3; 2) as the hydrogen blend fraction increased, the hot spot above 1 500 ℃ mainly distributed inside the nozzle of the burner on furnace #1 and kept increasing in area, while it distributed outside the nozzle of the burner on furnace #3 and kept decreasing in area; 3) in terms of energy saving and emission reduction, compared to the hydrogen blend fraction of 20%, the heat transfer efficiency of furnace #1 was improved by 4.53% and that of furnace #3 was improved by 0.52% with a hydrogen blend fraction of 60%, and the carbon dioxide emission reduction in flue gas was 26%; 4) The above results show that hydrogen blend improves NOx emission, but the internal circulation of flue gas in the furnace reduces NOx emission. The final NOx emission result of the burner is affected by the comprehensive effect of hydrogen blend and internal circulation of flue gas.