关键词: 加氢装置, 高速文丘里, 液滴雾化, 湿式洗涤, NH₃吸收, HCl吸收

Abstract: Residual oil, the remnant after crude oil distillation, presents significant challenges for processing and utilization due to its high density, high viscosity, and complex molecular structure. Hydrogenation of residual oil has become one of the key technologies for its deep processing owing to the environmental benefits and high yield of light oils it offers. This study primarily investigates the application of high-speed multi-stage Venturi-type purifier in puri-fying cold low pressure separator gases produced by residual oil hydrogenation. It uses fluid simulation methods to analyze the flow characteristics within the purifier and optimize the purifier design based on the simulation prediction. Fluid numerical calculations are based on models of the same dimensions as the actual device prototypes and the calculation results reveal the flow characteristics within the Venturi components and the atomization effects of liquid droplets under high-speed flow. On this basis, a comprehensive simulation of the purifier flow channels is conducted by further coupling with subsequent gas-liquid separation modules to explore the internal flow field characteristics and the droplet movement behavior within the system. The high-speed Venturi purifying equipment designed on the basis of the research results has been applied in the PSA feed gas purification process of a petrochemical plant's residue oil hydrogenation unit. After long-term operational testing at the industrial site, the efficient wa-shing performance of the high-speed Venturi-type purifier for impurity gases in hydrogen has been validated. This research can provide theoretical guidance and practical basis for gas purification technologies for industrial residual oil hydrogenation, and can be further optimized and applied in actual production.

Key words: hydrogenation unitlhigh-speed Venturildroplet atomizationlwet washinglammonia absorptionlhydrogen chloride absorption