石油化工设备技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 32-36.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8805.2020.04.007

• 材料与焊接 • 上一篇    下一篇

奥氏体不锈钢材料制造及使用过程中常见问题及预防

张国信1,马伟2   

  1. 1. 中石化广州工程有限公司, 广东 广州 510620;
    2. 中科(广东)炼化有限公司,广东 湛江 524076
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-31 接受日期:2020-06-25 出版日期:2020-07-13 发布日期:2020-07-13
  • 作者简介:张国信,男,1986年毕业于东北大学金属材料科学工程专业,学士,长期从事石油石化设备、压力容器设计和材料选择与研发工作,现任公司技术总监,正高级工程师。Email:zhanggx.lpec@sinopec.com

Common Problems in Manufacturing and Using Process of Austenitic Stainless Steel and Prevention

Zhang Guoxin1, Ma Wei2   

  1. 1. SINOPEC Guangzhou Engineering Company Limited, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510620;
    2. Zhongke (Guangdong) Refinery & Petrochemical Company Limited, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524076
  • Received:2020-03-31 Accepted:2020-06-25 Online:2020-07-13 Published:2020-07-13

摘要: 奥氏体不锈钢是炼油化工设备和管道使用量较多的材料,多用于耐腐蚀和耐高温的工作场合。炼化加氢装置高温高压场合工艺管道多采用321型和347型不锈钢,但这两种奥氏体不锈钢在焊接、热处理和使用过程中出现了不少损伤案例。基于上述原因,文章从奥氏体不锈钢热裂纹种类,晶间腐蚀产生的原因、机理以及预防措施方面进行了阐述,可为该领域的相关工程技术人员提供参考。

关键词: 奥氏体不锈钢, 热裂纹, 机理, 焊接, 控制

Abstract: Austenitic stainless steels are the most widely used materials in equipment and pipelines in oil refining and chemical industry, mostly used in corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant workplaces. At high-temperature and high-pressure workplaces in refining and hydrogenation plants, type 321 and 347 stainless steel are often used in manufacturing process pipelines. However, many damage cases have occurred in these two types of austenitic stainless steels during welding, heat treatment and use. Based on the above reasons, this paper expounds the types of hot cracks in austenitic stainless steel, the causes and mechanism of intergranular corrosion and preventive measures, which can provide reference for relevant engineers in this field.

Key words: austenitic stainless steel, heating crack, mechanism, welding, control